It is our aim to be a true advisor to our clients in all aspects of tax law.
Which phases does this include? What services do we offer here? Which issues are relevant here?
Many business decisions have tax consequences. Decisions at the start of entrepreneurial activities or during transformations are particularly important here, as some of them can only be revised to a limited extent or not at all. The consequences can have significant negative tax effects.
As a true companion, we see ourselves as a source of advice and inspiration to consider the tax law component of entrepreneurial decisions from the outset in such a way that the decisions are made in a tax-optimal manner.
The following are some of the relevant issues:
Strategic tax planning
Business goals and strategy:
How are the company's long-term financial goals defined?
To what extent is the tax strategy coordinated with general corporate goals?
Tax compliance:
How does the company ensure compliance with all tax obligations?
What measures have been taken to identify and minimize potential tax compliance risks?
Tax efficiency and optimization:
What tax savings potential does the company have?
What strategies are being pursued to optimize the tax burden and increase financial efficiency?
International aspects:
Does the company have international business activities, and how are tax challenges addressed in this context?
Which international tax regulations are relevant and how do they influence the strategy?
Funding and tax breaks:
What funding and tax breaks are available to the company?
How are these resources being used to achieve financial benefits?
Risk management:
What are the tax risks associated with current business practices?
What measures are being taken to minimize these risks and how is risk management structured?
Business succession planning:
How is the tax situation regulated with regard to possible company succession?
Which tax aspects must be considered when planning for corporate succession?
Technological applications:
How are digital tools and technologies being used to improve tax planning?
What automation options exist for tax processes?
Changes in legislation:
What current or planned changes in tax legislation could have an impact on the company?
How is the company preparing for such changes?
Customer communication:
How do you communicate with customers regarding tax planning?
How are complex tax concepts explained in an understandable way?
Company law structure
Choice of company type:
Which legal form did the company choose and for what reasons?
To what extent does the chosen legal form influence the tax burden?
Restructuring and reorganization:
Are there plans for restructuring or reorganizations within the company?
How can such changes influence the tax situation?
Participations:
How are the shareholding structures in the company structured?
What are the tax consequences of these participation structures?
Capital structure and financing:
How is the company's capital structure structured?
Which tax considerations influence financing decisions?
Distributions and distribution of profits:
How are profits used and distributed in the company?
What are the tax implications of profit distributions?
Holding structures:
Do holding structures exist in the company and what functions do they fulfill?
How do holding structures influence the taxation of subsidiaries?
Business combinations:
If mergers or acquisitions occur, how do they affect the company structure and tax burden?
Which corporate law considerations are relevant for such transactions?
Debt vs. equity financing:
Which mix of debt and equity financing is used in the company?
How does this financing structure influence the tax situation?
Shareholder agreements:
Do shareholder agreements exist and what tax consequences could result from them?
How are tax aspects taken into account in the agreements?
Company statutes and contracts:
How are the company's statutes structured and what are the tax implications?
Which tax-relevant clauses are contained in contracts, in particular in shareholder agreements?
Conversions
Tax neutrality:
To what extent can conversions be made tax-neutral?
What requirements must be met for a tax-neutral conversion to take place?
Carrying value continuation:
How are carrying amounts transferred during conversions?
What rules apply to the continuation of carrying amounts for individual assets?
Taxation of hidden reserves:
Are there hidden reserves in the company and how are they treated for tax purposes?
What options are there to minimize the taxation of hidden reserves?
Loss carryforwards:
How are loss carryforwards taken into account during transformations?
What restrictions or special features apply to the use of loss carryforwards?
sales tax:
What are the sales tax consequences of conversions?
Are there ways to minimize sales tax burdens?
Transfer of losses:
How are tax losses in the event of conversions treated?
Are there any restrictions or regulations regarding the transfer of losses to the acquiring company?
Inheritance tax aspects:
Which inheritance tax considerations must be taken into account when making conversions?
How can tax burdens be minimized through inheritance tax regulations?
Shareholding structure:
How are shareholdings structured after the conversion?
Are there tax effects on the shareholding structure of shareholders?
Shareholders and corporations:
How are tax aspects regulated for shareholders of corporations?
What are the tax consequences for shareholders as a result of conversion measures?
documentation requirements:
What documentation requirements exist in connection with tax aspects of transformations?
How can companies ensure that all tax regulations are met?
How can companies ensure that all tax regulations are met?
Operational accounting is at the heart of business management. While financial and payroll accounting form external accounting, cost accounting functions as internal accounting. Excellently planned and executed accounting therefore forms the basis for informed corporate management.
As a reliable partner, we see ourselves both as advisors and well-founded interlocutors as well as as service providers to carry out these activities with the highest quality.
The following are some of the relevant issues:
Financial accounting
Accounting and documentation:
How is accounting organized and which documents are recorded?
What measures have been taken to ensure proper bookkeeping?
accounting:
How are assets and liabilities accounted for?
What principles are used when valuing assets and liabilities?
Accounts payable and receivable accounting:
How are creditors and debtors recorded and managed?
Which processes are implemented to monitor payment obligations and receivables?
Depreciation:
How are asset depreciations calculated and accounted for?
Are there any long-term assets that use special depreciation methods?
sales tax:
How is sales tax recorded and paid?
Are there any special tax regulations that must be taken into account in financial accounting?
Payroll
Payslips:
How are payslips created and which components are included in the statements?
Which legal regulations must be observed when making payrolls?
Social security contributions:
How are social security contributions calculated and booked?
Are there any special rules for reporting and payment of contributions?
Company pension plan:
What regulations apply to company pension plans and how are they taken into account in payroll accounting?
How is communication with employees regarding company pension plans structured?
payroll tax:
How is income tax calculated and recorded?
Are there any special features when taking tax-free benefits into account?
Cost accounting
Cost element accounting:
How are the various cost types in the company structured and recorded?
Which types of costs have the biggest influence on total costs?
Cost center accounting:
Which cost centers are defined in the company and how are costs assigned to them?
How are overhead costs distributed among the various cost centers?
Cost object accounting:
How are costs distributed across the various products or services?
Which methods are used to calculate manufacturing or service costs?
budgeting:
How are costs budgeted and how are actual costs compared with the budget?
Are there regular reviews and adjustments to the budget?
The third area of our activities is support with ongoing obligations, i.e. the preparation and submission of annual financial statements and the various reports to be submitted.
As a competent advisor, we see our role here in two forms: Before the relevant deadline for preparation as a consultant for optimal design — and after the deadline as a service provider, to prepare these documents in the best quality. Of course, this also includes reviewing the respective decisions and communicating with the relevant authorities.
The following are some of the relevant issues:
financial statements
Balance sheet and profit and loss statement:
How are the balance sheet and the profit and loss statement structured?
Are there any items on the balance sheet that should be monitored in particular due to their special features? Accounting policy:
Bilanzierungspolitik:
Which specific accounting methods and estimates are used?
Are there any changes in accounting policy compared to the previous year?
provisions:
How are provisions created and evaluated?
Are there any significant events after the balance sheet date that require an adjustment of provisions?
Financial investments and financial liabilities:
How are financial investments valued and which financial liabilities are reported? What risks are associated with financial investments or liabilities?
Equity development:
How did equity develop compared to the previous year?
Are there any particular events or transactions that have affected equity?
Deferred taxes:
How are deferred taxes recorded and valued?
What changes in tax frameworks can have an impact on deferred taxes?
Equity structure:
How is the equity structure structured?
Are there plans for capital measures or changes in the equity structure?
Liabilities and long-term liabilities:
How are liabilities valued and which long-term liabilities are reported?
Are there any changes in the company's long-term financing plans?
Events after the balance sheet date:
What events occurred after the balance sheet date that could be relevant until the financial statements were adopted?
How are such events taken into account in the financial statements?
Reporting and transparency:
How is reporting structured in the financial statements?
How is transparency ensured with regard to significant business transactions and risks?
tax returns
Completeness of documents:
Are all required documents for the tax return available and complete?
Are there any changes compared to the previous year that must be taken into account in the documents?
Legislative changes:
What legal changes have come into force since the last tax return?
How do these changes affect the company's tax situation?
Deadlines and dates:
Are the deadlines for filing tax returns known?
Are there measures in place to ensure that deadlines are met?
Questions about income tax returns:
Income and types of income:
How are the various types of income in the company determined and broken down?
Are there tax-free or preferential sources of income?
Deductible expenses:
Which expenses are deductible and how are they documented?
Are there any special rules for certain expenses?
Depreciation and provisions:
How are depreciations and provisions included in the income tax return?
What tax regulations must be considered when valuing assets?
Questions about the sales tax return:
Advance registrations and annual declaration:
How are sales tax returns prepared and submitted?
What information is included in the annual sales tax return?
Reverse charge and intra-Community trade:
How are reverse charge procedures and intra-Community trade handled?
Are there any special features of cross-border transactions?
Questions about the corporate income tax return:
Determination of taxable income:
How is the taxable income determined for corporate income tax?
Are there tax-free reserves or tax-reducing positions?
Tax benefits and credits:
Which tax breaks or crediting options can be used? Are there investment incentives or regional tax breaks?
Debt interest and financing expenses:
How are interest on borrowed capital and financing expenses treated for tax purposes?
Are there any limits or restrictions on the deduction of financing costs?
Other issues:
Documentation requirements:
What documentation requirements exist in connection with the submitted tax returns?
Are there any requirements regarding the storage of documents?
Communication with tax authorities:
How do you communicate with tax authorities in the event of inquiries or checks?
Is there a defined process for working with tax authorities?